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目的:探讨自体脂肪注射术后面部、胸部多发性脓肿分枝杆菌感染的处理方法。方法:2018年6—9月，暨南大学附属第一医院整形外科对面部及胸部自体脂肪注射术后脓肿分枝杆菌感染女性患者6例(年龄23~29岁，平均25.2岁)进行治疗，均采用术前超声定位，术中小切口开放清创，彻底刮除坏死肉芽组织，窦道内持续负压吸引治疗促进肉芽生长，并配合规范抗结核药物抗菌治疗。结果:6例患者14个部位经30~60 d住院治疗，6~12个月院外规律用药，伤口均痊愈；面部组织无严重缺损，保持正常面部外观。随访12个月，病灶无复发。结论:小切口清创加负压吸引治疗，并联合多种抗结核药物治疗的方法可治愈自体脂肪注射术后脓肿分枝杆菌感染。“,”Objective:To explore an effective treatment method for mycobacterial infection of multiple abscesses in the face and breast after autologous fat injection.Methods:Six patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection after autologous fat injection in the face and chest were treated from June to September in 2018. All patients underwent preoperative ultrasound localization. The small incision was opened for debridement and the necrotic granular tissues were completely scraped. Vacuum aspiration therapy in the sinus was used to promote wound growth, in line with the standard anti-tuberculosis drug treatment.Results:All six patients in this group were being followed up for 10-14 months. The average follow-up time was 12 months. All the infected patients were recovered, and the appearance of the infected site was satisfied by the patients.Conclusions:Small incision debridement with vacuum aspiration therapy combined with a variety of anti-tuberculosis drugs can effectively treat non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection after autologous fat injection, and achieve good results.