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考古学的研究对象为古代人类活动留下来的实物遗存,这个特性决定了考古学与自然科学的密切关系。考古学自建立之初就借鉴了生物学和地质学中的分类学和地层学,奠定了考古学研究的方法基础。到本世纪二十年代又将航空照像技术应用于考古遗址勘察。科技考古作为考古学中的一门分支科学的建立当始于二次大战以后,碳十四年代学方法的出现和成功应用,以及牛津大学“考古与艺术史研究实验室”的建立为标志。
The object of archeology is the remnants of the remains left by ancient human activities. This characteristic determines the close relationship between archeology and natural science. Archeology has drawn lessons from the taxonomy and stratigraphy of biology and geology since the beginning of its establishment, laying the foundation for the methodology of archeological research. By the 1920s, aerial photographic techniques were applied to the investigation of archaeological sites. The Establishment of Scientific Archeology as a Branching Science in Archeology When the emergence and successful application of the method of carbon-fourteen dating from the Second World War and the establishment of the “Archeology and Art History Research Laboratory” at Oxford University were marked.