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教育家乌申斯基说:“比较方法乃是各种认识和各种思维的基础。”在小学数学教学中,适当运用比较,不仅是渗透现代数学比较思想的需要,而且能使学生加深对数学基础知识的理解,并促进思维能力的发展。一、“比”中迁移我们知道,绝大部分的新知识总是在一个或几个旧知识的基础上发展起来的。新旧知识的相同点是实现知识迁移的基础,不同点就是新知识的生长点。教学中,我们常常通过比较新旧知识的异同来获取新知,例如义务教育小学数学课本(六年制人教版)第四册第98页应用题例8、例9的教学就是这样。例8:“红花有15朵,红花比黄花多7朵。黄花有多少朵?”例9:“有
Ursinsky, an educator, said: “The comparative method is the basis of all kinds of understanding and thinking.” Proper use of comparisons in elementary mathematics teaching is not only necessary to penetrate the comparative thinking of modern mathematics, but also to enable students to deepen their understanding of Understand basic knowledge of mathematics and promote the development of thinking ability. First, the “than” in the migration We know that most of the new knowledge is always one or several old knowledge based on the development. The same old and new knowledge is the basis for the realization of knowledge transfer, the difference is the growth point of new knowledge. In teaching, we often obtain new knowledge by comparing the similarities and differences between old and new knowledge. For example, the teaching of Example 8 and Example 9 of the Compulsory Education Elementary Math Textbook (VI), Volume IV, page 98 is the case. Example 8: “There are 15 safflower flowers, 7 more saffron flowers than yellow flowers.” How many yellow flowers? “Example 9:” Yes