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目的:探讨孕妇心理状况及其与个性和应对方式的相关性,为进一步的医学干预提供依据。方法:采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对113例孕中期孕妇的心理状况、个性与应对方式进行调查分析。结果:孕妇SAS及SDS总粗分显著高于全国常模(t=7.057,P=0.000;t=2.381,P=0.019),孕妇焦虑和抑郁的发生率分别为20.4%和27.8%。SAS和SDS总分均与EPQ的精神质(P)和神经质(N)维度呈显著正相关(χ2=0.307,P=0.001;χ2=0.496,P=0.000;χ2=0.416,P=0.000;χ2=0.321,P=0.001),与积极应付方式呈显著负相关(χ2=-0.208,P=0.030;χ2=-0.264,P=0.007)。结论:孕中期孕妇焦虑和抑郁的发生率较高。精神质、神经质的个性特点及应对方式的缺陷与孕妇产生焦虑抑郁情绪密切相关。临床上应在综合分析心理状态及其产生的中介机制的基础上,对伴有焦虑抑郁的孕妇进行有效的心理干预。
Objective: To explore the correlation between pregnant women ’s psychological status and personality and coping style, and to provide basis for further medical intervention. Methods: The psychological status, personality and coping style of 113 pregnant women in the second trimester were analyzed by SAS, SDS, EPQ and SCSQ Way to investigate and analyze. Results: The total crude weight of SAS and SDS in pregnant women was significantly higher than that of the national norm (t = 7.057, P = 0.000; t = 2.381, P = 0.019). The incidence of anxiety and depression in pregnant women were 20.4% and 27.8% respectively. The SAS and SDS scores were significantly and positively correlated with the psychotic (P) and neurotic (N) dimensions of EPQ (χ2 = 0.307, P = 0.001; χ2 = 0.496, P = 0.000; χ2 = 0.416, P = 0.000; = 0.321, P = 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation with positive coping style (χ2 = -0.208, P = 0.030; χ2 = -0.264, P = 0.007). Conclusion: The incidence of anxiety and depression in pregnant women in the second trimester is high. Psychotic, neurotic personality traits and coping styles defects and pregnant women are closely related to anxiety and depression. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the psychological state and its intermediary mechanism, effective clinical intervention should be given to pregnant women with anxiety and depression.