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在利用有限元软件对铜轨进行力学分析时,对钢轨模型的建立提出了两种不同的描述方式,建立了采用梁单元模拟钢轨和实体单元模拟钢轨的两种有限元力学模型。计算结果表明.对不同问题进行求解时需要采用合理的钢轨模型描述方式。在误差允许的条件下,解决轨道结构大系统问题时。采用传统的梁单元模拟钢轨,可以减少计算量,方便运算;在对铜轨自身内部的受力情况进行分析时,采用实体单元模拟钢轨,可以较好地反应其内部应力的变化。需要注意的是.边界条件及外部作用对实体单元模拟钢轨这一方式的影响较大。
In the use of finite element software for the mechanical analysis of the rail, two different ways of describing the establishment of the rail model are proposed, and two finite element mechanical models are established to simulate the rail by the beam element and the solid element. The calculation results show that it is necessary to adopt a reasonable description of the rail model when solving different problems. When the error allows, to solve large-scale system problems in the orbital structure. Using the traditional beam element to simulate the rail can reduce the amount of computation and facilitate the operation. When analyzing the internal stress of the rail itself, the simulation of the rail with the solid element can better reflect the change of the internal stress. It should be noted that the boundary conditions and external effects have a great influence on the simulation of rails by physical units.