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[目的]探讨混苯接触工人外周血淋巴细胞染色体损伤状况及其与代谢酶基因CYP2E1和NQO1多态性的关系。[方法]采用胞质分裂阻滞微核实验评价461名混苯作业工人和88名对照组工人的染色体损伤水平,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性检测CYP2E1 Pst和NQO1609基因多态性。[结果]接触组和对照组淋巴细胞微核率分别为(2.12±1.87)‰和(1.19±1.68)‰,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),单因素和多因素分析结果均显示,NQO1609野生纯合者(CC)为染色体损伤的易感人群。年龄增长是微核率增加的危险因素,未发现性别、吸烟、饮酒与微核率之间的关系。[结论]双核淋巴细胞微核数可以作为苯接触早期健康损害的指标。混苯中甲苯和二甲苯可能不是导致遗传损伤的主要物质。混苯接触诱导的染色体损伤与NQO1609位点多态有关。
[Objective] To investigate the chromosomal damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in mixed benzene exposure workers and its relationship with CYP2E1 and NQO1 polymorphisms. [Methods] The chromosome damage of 461 mixed benzene workers and 88 control workers were evaluated by cytokinin-block micronucleus test. The levels of CYP2E1 Pst and CYP2E1 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism NQO1609 gene polymorphism. [Results] The micronucleus rates of lymphocytes in the contact group and the control group were (2.12 ± 1.87) ‰ and (1.19 ± 1.68) ‰, respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01). The results of univariate and multivariate analysis showed that, NQO1609 Wild homozygous (CC) is a susceptible population for chromosomal damage. Age growth is a risk factor for micronucleus rate increase, and no relationship between gender, smoking, alcohol consumption and micronucleus rate was found. [Conclusion] The number of binuclear lymphocytes micronuclei can be used as an indicator of the early health damage caused by benzene exposure. Toluene and xylene in mixed benzene may not be the major cause of genetic damage. Chromosomal damage induced by mixed benzene exposure is associated with the polymorphism of NQO1609.