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目的分析院外社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的临床特征。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学宣武医院发热初检门诊2006-04-01—2006-06-01接诊的179例CAP患者的临床特征。结果179例患者中14~30岁者104例,占58.1%,既往身体健康者130例,占72.6%,发热后2~4d内50%~80%的患者确诊肺炎。确诊时除发热外,咳嗽、咳痰最常见(占52.5%),另有约1/3患者无呼吸道相关症状;113例患者(63.1%)白细胞计数正常。X线胸片示单侧肺炎147例,占82.1%。对52例随访患者的调查显示,抗生素治疗后约80%患者3d内退热。结论以发热为主要症状的社区获得性肺炎大多数年轻、并发症少,若诊断及时,多数患者在门诊治疗能取得较好效果。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics of 179 patients with CAP admitted to Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from April 2006 to January 2006. Results Among 179 patients, 104 cases were 14 to 30 years old, accounting for 58.1%; 130 cases were healthy before, accounting for 72.6%; 50% ~ 80% of the patients were diagnosed pneumonia within 2 ~ 4 days after fever. In addition to fever when diagnosed, the most common cough and sputum (52.5%), and about 1/3 of patients without respiratory symptoms; 113 patients (63.1%) normal white blood cell count. X-ray showed 147 cases of unilateral pneumonia, accounting for 82.1%. A survey of 52 follow-up patients showed that about 80% of patients had antipyretics within 3d after antibiotic treatment. Conclusions Community-acquired pneumonia, with fever as the main symptom, is mostly young and has fewer complications. If the diagnosis is timely, most patients will achieve better results in outpatient treatment.