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水稻属自花授粉作物,是开花授粉的。因此,不仅有一定的异交率,而且由于花器受空气污染比较敏感,所以在空气污染比较严重的地区往往形成大量的空秕粒。一般栽培稻中极少有闭花授粉的品种。只有日本(1973)冈山县发现了闭花授粉的水稻,由于它具有抗空气污染力强等优点,被称为“奇迹稻”。作者在应用花药培养转育恢复系过程中,就获得了栽培水稻中罕见的闭花授粉突变系。这种突变系不仅对研究组织培养中的变异有一定的意义,而且,还有一定的实用价值。一、材料及方法用作培养的材料为“BL_7×77—11混”的杂种一代,1980年1月份在温室播种,4月24—5月5日选花粉发育阶段处于单核靠边期的花药接种,花药的剥取与接种、愈伤
Rice is a self-pollinating crop that is flowering and pollinated. Therefore, not only has a certain rate of out-crossing, but also because the flower is more sensitive to air pollution, air pollution is more serious areas often form a large number of empty tablets. There are very few varieties of cultivated rice in the closed flowers pollination. Only Japan (1973) Okayama Prefecture found closed-pollination of rice, because of its anti-air pollution and other advantages, known as “miracle rice.” In the process of applying anther culture to restore and restore system, the author obtained the rare closed-pollination mutant line in cultivated rice. This mutation system not only has some significance for studying the variation in tissue culture, but also has certain practical value. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hybrids used for the cultivation were “BL_7 × 77-11 mixed” hybrids, sowed in the greenhouse in January 1980 and anthers on the mononuclear margins at the pollen developmental stage from April 24 to May 5 Vaccination, anther stripping and inoculation, callus