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目的：比较新疆宫颈癌的民族分布特点，探索其病因及发病学因素，为有效防治提供依据。方法：对２ ７７１例宫颈癌存档病理资料进行民族分布、年龄及组织学分类分析。结果：宫颈鳞癌２ ４７７例（８９．３９％ ），原位癌１８４ 例（６．６４％ ），腺癌１０３ 例（３．７２％ ）；腺鳞癌７ 例（０．２５％ ）；维吾尔族（简称维族）１ ３４４ 例（４８．５０％ ），汉族１２０９例（４３．６３％ ），按照同期住院病人民族构成比例计算，维族妇女宫颈癌明显高于汉族及其它民族（Ｐ均＜ ０．００１）。维族患者年龄平均为４４．１ 岁，汉族为５２．６ 岁，两者相差明显（Ｐ＜ ０．００１）。结论：新疆维族妇女宫颈癌高发且患病年龄较轻，可能与其特殊生活方式及遗传背景有关
Objective: To compare the ethnic distribution of Xinjiang cervical cancer, explore its causes and pathogenesis factors, and provide basis for effective prevention and treatment. METHODS: The national distribution, age, and histological classification of 2 771 cases of cervical cancer were analyzed. Results: There were 2 477 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (89.39%), 184 cases of carcinoma in situ (6.64%), 103 cases of adenocarcinoma (3.72%), and 7 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma (0.25%); Uygurs (abbreviated as Uyghurs) have 1344 cases (48.50%) and Hans have 1209 cases (43.63%). According to the proportion of ethnic constituents of inpatients in the same period, Uygur women have significantly higher cervical cancer than Han and other ethnic groups (P < 0.001). The average age of Uyghur patients was 44.1 years old and Han people were 52.6 years old. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: Xinjiang Uygur women have high incidence of cervical cancer and have a younger age, which may be related to their special lifestyle and genetic background.