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用运输合同权利让渡、利他或法律规定来阐释提单持有人的权利来源愈来愈无法适应提单实践活动的需求,将提单法律关系与海上货物运输合同关系相区分,构建合理的提单法律关系理论,以有效指导提单立法及司法实践,已是无法回避的问题。基于此,本文界定了提单法律关系概念内涵,对提单法律关系类属及法律根据进行了辨析,探讨了提单法律关系理论构建的核心问题,即提单法律关系与其基础原因法律关系之间的效力联系如何?本文主张应借鉴物权法律关系无因性,将物权法律关系与其原因债权法律关系的调整方法,扩展适用于提单领域,确认提单法律关系的相对无因性,以有效实现提单的经济功效,契合提单立法目的。
With the transfer of contractual rights assignment, altruism or legal provisions to explain the origin of the rights of the holder of the bill of lading more and more unable to meet the needs of bill of lading practice activities, the legal relationship of bill of lading and the contractual relationship of the carriage of goods by sea to establish a reasonable legal relationship of bill of lading Theory, to effectively guide the bill of lading legislation and judicial practice, is an unavoidable problem. Based on this, this article defines the concept of the legal relationship of bill of lading, classifies the legal relationship and the legal basis of the bill of lading, explores the core issue of the legal relationship of bill of lading, that is, the legal relationship between bill of lading and the legal relationship between the underlying causes How to? This paper advocates should learn from the legal relationship of property rights without cause, the legal relationship between property rights and the reasons for the legal relationship between claims adjustment method, extended to the field of bill of lading, the relative lawlessness of the bill of lading to confirm the relative relationship to effectively achieve the bill of lading economy Efficacy, fit bill of lading legislative purpose.