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采用线弹性断裂力学方法分析了黏土坡的断裂机理,结合有限元模型,对黏性土坡顶裂缝进行计算.分别得到了黏性土坡顶最易开裂位置和坡顶不同位置处裂缝的临界缝长随坡高和坡角的变化曲线以及坡顶裂缝的倾斜角与缝端等效应力强度因子关系曲线.结果表明:最易开裂位置随坡高或坡角的增加移向坡背一侧;离最易开裂位置越远,临界缝长越长;同一位置倾斜角不同的裂缝对竖向裂缝端部等效应力强度因子偏差微小,倾斜裂缝可以近似作为等长竖向裂缝处理.在此基础上给出了评价坡顶裂缝稳定性准则.实例显示,断裂力学方法能够简单、有效地分析黏土坡稳定性,为黏土坡的设计运行提供指导.
The fracture mechanism of clay slope is analyzed by linear elastic fracture mechanics method, and the crack of clay roof is calculated by the finite element model. The critical crack at the top of clay soil and the crack at different positions are obtained respectively The curve of the length of the seam with the height of the slope and the slope angle as well as the curve of the slope angle and the equivalent stress intensity factor at the crack tip.The results show that the most easy to crack position moves to the slope side with the increase of slope height or slope angle ; The farther away from the crack site is, the longer the critical crack length is; the smaller the slips at the same location have slight deviation from the equivalent stress intensity factor at the tip of the vertical crack, and the sloping crack can be approximated as the same vertical crack. The criterion of evaluating the stability of the top of the slope is given.The examples show that the fracture mechanics method can analyze the stability of the clay slope simply and effectively and provide guidance for the design and operation of the clay slope.