减少冬小麦下种量的前提,是提高单株分蘖力,以保证基本穗数。目前我们地区种植的小麦当家品种“华北187”每亩下种量高达30斤,“新冬2号”下种也达25斤以上。这种下种量,即使仅主茎成穗,每亩也有25万个以上,按说亩产量最低也要达到400斤,但实际产量距此还很远。考察其原因大致由两种情况造成:一是播种早、播量大,冬前分蘗不少,但肥力不足,返青后地力跟不上,多成为无效分蘖,贫下中农称为“羊胡子”,这些“羊胡子”却消耗地力很大,致使主茎也发育不良,成为“蝇头穗”,每穗平均粒数5—8个,千粒重35克以下,亩产不过100斤上下。另一种情况是,墒情不好,整地太粗,加上种 The premise of reducing the amount of winter wheat under cultivation is to improve the tillering ability of individual plants in order to ensure the basic number of ears. At present, the wheat cultivar “North China 187” planted in our region has a yield of up to 30 kg per acre and a gain of 25 kg or more under “Xin Dong No.2”. This kind of undergrowth, even if only the main stem is spike, there are more than 250,000 mu. According to that, the minimum output of mu also reaches 400 kilograms, but the actual output is still far away from it. Investigate its causes generally caused by two conditions: First, sowing early, sowing large, many tillers before winter, but lack of fertility, green after the ground can not keep up, mostly become invalid tillers, poor middle peasants called “sheep beard” These “goatee” consume a lot of ground power, resulting in dysplasia of the main stem, becoming a “head spike” with an average grain number of 5-8 grains per spike and a grain weight of 35 g or less. Another case is that the moisture content is not good, the preparation is too coarse, plus species