把经济增长方式由粗放型向集约型转变,这是党的十四届五中全会制订的一条方针。把这一转变同经济体制的转变相提并论,足见其重要的程度。 集约型经营这个词最早是从农业方面提出的,指的是在一定的土地上投入较多的生产资料(资金集约经营)或劳动(劳动集约经营),进行精耕细作的农业经营方式。主要特点是通过采用提高单位面积产量的办法来增加农产品总产量。这是传统意义上的理解,我们今天讲的集约化经营显然在内容上已与之有所不同。或者说,我们现在所讲的密集型经营,已不能理解为过去的资金密集型或劳动密集型经营。 有些学者把集约化经营与内涵增长相等同,这从都是以提高劳动率为目标来说,是有道理的,但可能有产生误解之处。因为首先,外延的增长,是指单纯靠增加 Changing the mode of economic growth from extensive to intensive is a policy formulated by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee. To compare this change with the change in the economic system is important enough. The term intensive management was first proposed from agriculture, referring to the practice of intensive agricultural management by investing more production materials (capital intensive management) or labor (labor intensive management) on certain lands. The main feature is to increase the total output of agricultural products by adopting the method of increasing the output per unit area. This is an understanding in the traditional sense. The intensive operation we are talking about today is obviously different in content. In other words, the intensive operations we are talking about now cannot be understood as capital-intensive or labor-intensive operations in the past. Some scholars equate intensive management with the growth of connotation, which is justified in terms of increasing the labor rate. However, there may be misunderstandings. Because, first of all, the epitaxial growth means simply increasing