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19世纪初期,在阿根廷广袤的潘帕斯草原上诞生了以描写高乔人的生活场景、风俗习惯及精神风貌为主要内容的高乔文学。高乔文学发源于高乔人自创的民歌,其创作形式最初以诗歌为主,后于19世纪末20世纪初转向戏剧和小说。由何塞·埃尔南德斯创作的史诗《马丁·菲耶罗》是前期三部高乔史诗中最具有代表性的一部,而由里卡多·吉拉尔德斯创作的《堂·塞贡多·松布拉》则是后期高乔小说中最为出色的一部。对比两部作品在“高乔人”形象建构上的差异,可以帮助我们更为清晰地把握在时代发展背景下,高乔人在阿根廷社会中的变化及其在文学作品中的体现。
In the early 19th century, Gao Qiao’s literature was born on the vast Pampas steppe in Argentina with the main content of depicting Gao Qiao’s life scenes, customs and spiritual features. Gao Qiao’s literary origins in the Gao Qiao people’s own folk songs, the initial form of its creation mainly poetry, later in the late 19th century early 20th century drama and novels. The epic “Martin Fierro” by José Hernández is the most representative of the three early Georgian epics, Segong Sombrera “is the most outstanding one in the later Gao Qiao novel. Comparing the differences between the two works in the image construction of ”Gao Qiao Ren" can help us grasp the changes of Gao Qiao people in Argentinian society and their embodiment in literary works more clearly in the background of the times.