环境史探讨人类与环境的互动演化,其在20世纪70年代正式成为历史学的一个分支,弥补了传统史学总是忽略自然,仅侧重于人类政治活动的学术缺憾。环境史虽然重视自然,但它在整体上绝不只是停留于自然的历史,社会经济、思想观念和环境之间的关系更值得研究与重视。新的历史必须将人类事务置于地球生态系统的背景下加以考察,人与自然互动这一主题贯穿于每一个历史时期。现在,人们意识到,对地球生命系统越来越强的干预,不仅没有带领我们走进理想 Environmental history explores the interactive evolution of human beings and the environment. It formally became a branch of historiography in the 1970s, making up for the academic shortcomings that traditional historiography always ignored nature and only focused on human political activities. Although environmental history emphasizes nature, it is by no means limited to the history of nature as a whole. It is worth studying and attaching importance to the relationship between social economy, ideology and environment. The new history must address human affairs in the context of the Earth’s ecosystem. The theme of interaction between man and nature runs through each historical period. Now it is realized that the increasing interference with the life-system of the Earth not only failed to lead us into the ideal