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为了降低列车交会空气压力波、减小空气阻力、使列车具有正的气动升力,根据给定的列车横断面,设计3种磁浮列车流线型头部外形。利用可压缩粘性流体的N S方程和kε双方程湍流模型,采用有限体积法对包括TR08磁浮列车在内的4种高速磁浮列车周围流场进行数值模拟,得出磁浮列车在不同运行速度下的气动阻力系数、升力系数及列车以430 km/h运行时的交会压力波幅值。此外,为优化气动外形方案,对3种方案进行综合比较分析。研究结果表明:随着流线型头部长度的增加,列车空气动力性能提高;在车头流线型长度相同的情况下,随着最大纵剖面轮廓线曲率的变小,交会压力波降低,水平投影轮廓线变宽,列车阻力增加;最优方案为列车交会压力波和空气阻力均较小、流线型头部为扁梭形的方案三。
In order to reduce the train air pressure wave intersection, reduce air resistance, so that the train has a positive aerodynamic lift, according to the given train cross-section, design three maglev train streamlined head shape. Using the NS equation and the kε two-equation turbulence model of compressible viscous fluid, the finite volume method is used to simulate the flow field around four kinds of high-speed maglev trains, including the TR08 maglev train. The aerodynamic performance of the maglev train at different operating speeds is obtained Drag coefficient, lift coefficient and intersection pressure wave amplitude when the train is operating at 430 km / h. In addition, in order to optimize the aerodynamic profile, the three options were compared and analyzed comprehensively. The results show that the aerodynamic performance of trains increases with the increase of streamlined head length. With the same streamline length, the cross-sectional pressure wave decreases as the curvature of the maximum profile decreases, Wide, the train resistance increases; the optimal program for the train rendezvous pressure wave and air resistance are small, streamlined head flat spindle program.