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琥珀为古代松科松属植物的树脂,埋藏地下年久凝结而成的化石样物质,据本草纲目记载,琥珀有“安五脏、定魂魄……止心痛癫邪”等功效,为中医常用之镇惊安神药,历代以琥珀为主的许多方剂如琥珀多寐丸、琥珀抱龙丸、琥珀散、琥珀定志丸、琥珀养心丹等以及近代的一些验方,均利用这一作用治疗“心神不宁、惊悸多梦、失眠及惊风癫痫等。由于药源稀缺、故属名贵中药之列。琥珀中含有琥珀酸(Succinic acid)等多种化学成分。据报导,在琥珀中提得之琥珀酸结晶,得量可达7.8％。考虑到琥珀酸乃组织正常代谢过程三羧酸循环的中间产物之一,它与中枢神经系统的抑制性递质r-氨基丁酸(GABA)有密切关系,因此,研究琥珀酸的中枢作用,无论在阐明中药琥珀的作用原理和解决名贵药材的货源方面,或是探讨中枢神经系统抑制作用的分子药理学方面的理论问题,均有极为重要的意义。
Amber is the resin of ancient Pinus genus Pinus, and it is buried under fossilized material. According to the Compendium of Materia Medica, amber has functions such as “an internal five organs, definite souls, ...... heartache and epilepsy”, which is commonly used by traditional Chinese medicine. Zhen Jing An Shen Yao, many prescriptions based on amber over the ages such as Amber Duoliao Pills, Amber Baolong Pills, Amber Bulk, Amber Dingzhi Pills, Amber Yang Xin Dan, and some modern prescriptions, have used this effect to treat “ Perturbations, dreams, dreams, insomnia, convulsions, epilepsy, etc. Due to the scarcity of medicines, it is among the most valuable traditional Chinese medicines.Succinic acid (Succinic acid) and other chemical constituents are contained in amber.It has been reported that it is obtained in amber. The succinic acid crystals can be obtained in amounts of up to 7.8%, taking into account that succinic acid is one of the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is the normal metabolic process of tissue, and that it is associated with the inhibitory transmitter r-aminobutyric acid (GABA) of the central nervous system. In a close relationship, therefore, the study of the central role of succinic acid, both in elucidating the principle of action of Chinese herbal amber and the solution to the supply of valuable medicinal materials, or the theoretical problems of molecular pharmacology in the investigation of the inhibitory effects of the central nervous system, For important significance.