建立在农耕经济和宗族血缘关系基础上的中华民族文化,一贯崇尚人与自然、个体与社会、理性与情感、物质与心灵的交融统一。这种文化精神溶铸了中华民族独特的审美意识,它引导并规范着人们的审美创造活动。作为中华民族卓越审美创造之一的家具艺术当然也体现了本民族的审美意识,因而在各个方面显示出了自己的美学特色。我们认为,中国传统家具的审美特征主要表现在诸种关系的协调处理上,如物质内涵与精神内涵、形制结构与纹样装饰、自然材料与人工制作等等的关系。一物质内涵与精神内涵不言而喻,家具是为满足人们的生活需要而设计、制做的,它的形制、结构、部件乃至纹饰部首先要符合使用的要求。中国的传统家具正是因为有着广泛的使用价值,才得以流传和发展。早在唐宋时期,中国的能工巧匠们就已推出了诸如靠圈、交椅等实用舒适、精巧优雅的家具(图1),到了明清则更有美人靠床这样的家具出现(图2),这足以说明中国工匠非常懂得实用舒适的含意,并有足 Based on the farming economy and clan blood relationship based on the Chinese culture, has always advocated the integration of man and nature, the individual and society, reason and emotion, material and spiritual integration. This cultural spirit has molded the unique aesthetic awareness of the Chinese nation, which guides and normalizes people’s aesthetic creation activities. Of course, the art of furniture, one of the creative creations of the Chinese nation, embodies the aesthetic awareness of its own nation and thus shows its own aesthetic features in all aspects. In our opinion, the aesthetic characteristics of Chinese traditional furniture are mainly manifested in the coordination and treatment of various relations, such as the material connotation and spiritual connotation, the relationship between the shape and pattern decoration, natural materials and artificial production, and so on. A material connotation and spiritual connotation is self-evident, furniture is designed to meet the needs of people’s lives, made, and its shape, structure, parts and even decorated Department first to meet the requirements. It is precisely because China has a wide range of use of traditional furniture, can be spread and development. As early as the Tang and Song dynasties, China’s skilled craftsmen had already introduced practical comforts, elegant furniture (Figure 1) such as the circle and the chair, and the furniture of the beauty bed by the Ming and Qing Dynasties (Figure 2) This is enough to show that Chinese artisans are very practical and comfortable to understand the meaning, and full