森林生态系统为人类提供了众多的商品和服务。商品性的木材生产是重要的全球性产业,木材燃料是当前主要的非化石能源,在可预见的未来,它将仍具有极大的重要性。森林的生物多样性在它拥有的效能是一种商品。森林在地球碳循环中起着中心作用,形成了最大的陆地碳库。在水源保护方面,森林提供了多种有价值的服务,森林的损失已使得世界的水源受到极大的影响。 Forest ecosystems provide a large number of goods and services to mankind. Commercial timber production is an important global industry and wood fuel is the major non-fossil fuel currently and will remain of great importance for the foreseeable future. The biological diversity of forests is a commodity in the potency it owns. Forests play a central role in the Earth’s carbon cycle, forming the largest land-based carbon pool. In the area of ​​water conservation, forests provide a variety of valuable services, and the loss of forests has greatly affected the world’s water resources.