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半导体致冷材料研制和生产过程中，重要的工序之一就是熔炼，即将Ｂｉ、Ｓｂ、Ｔｅ、Ｓｅ等多种元素按一定质量比装在真空玻璃管中，用摇摆管式熔炼炉在６２０～６８０℃之间选用最佳的温度条件熔炼。经几年反复设计和实验，我们设计和研制出“六温区无变压器管式熔炼设备”。电炉的关键部件是电炉管，该设备的电炉管是在外径为９５ｍｍ，长为１．２ｍ的氧化铝管上均匀地平绕六段电炉丝，六段电炉丝采用串联方式。电炉丝为直径３ｍｍ的铁－铬－铝丝。装料用的是长８５ｃｍ的硬质玻璃管，软化温度约７２０℃。温度控制电路由六个完全相同的可控硅开关控制电路和一个主可控硅电流控制电路组成。每个可控硅开关单元控制电路由热电偶、低通滤波器、放大器、电压比较器、双向可控硅、温度数字显示、温度设定电路、直流电源等组成。每个温区的炉丝都与对应的控制单元的双向可控硅开关并联。刚开始加热或本段温区温度低于设定温度时，热电偶产生的电压信号经放大后，不足以使电压比较器翻转，双向可控硅处于截止状态，电炉丝通电发热，温区温度上升。当温区温度到达设定温度时，该温区进入恒温状态，温度稍微超过设定温度，热电偶产生的电压信号经放大后，使电压比较器状态翻转，双向可控硅导通，将并联的对应?
In the process of researching and manufacturing semiconductor refrigeration materials, one of the important processes is melting, that is to say, a plurality of elements such as Bi, Sb, Te, Se and the like are packed in a vacuum glass tube according to a certain mass ratio, 680 ℃ choose the best temperature conditions of melting. After several years of repeated design and experiment, we designed and developed a “six-zone transformerless tube melting equipment.” The key part of the electric furnace is the electric furnace tube. The electric furnace tube of the electric equipment is evenly laid around the six-section electric furnace wire on the alumina tube with the outer diameter of 95mm and the length of 1.2m. The six-section electric furnace wire adopts a series mode. Electric furnace wire diameter of 3mm iron - chrome - aluminum wire. The load is made of 85cm long glass tube, the softening temperature of about 720 ℃. Temperature control circuit consists of six identical SCR switch control circuit and a main SCR current control circuit. Each thyristor switch unit control circuit consists of thermocouple, low-pass filter, amplifier, voltage comparator, triac, temperature digital display, temperature setting circuit, DC power supply and other components. The furnace wire in each temperature zone is connected in parallel with the triac of the corresponding control unit. Just started heating or the temperature in this section is lower than the set temperature, the voltage signal generated by the thermocouple is amplified, not enough to make the voltage comparator flip, the triac in the cut-off state, electric wire heating wire, the temperature zone temperature rise. When the temperature reaches the set temperature, the temperature will enter the constant temperature state, the temperature slightly exceeds the set temperature. The voltage signal generated by the thermocouple is amplified to make the voltage comparator flip over and the bidirectional thyristor is turned on. Correspondence?