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临安市近30年随着种植业结构、耕作制度、施肥习惯和作物产量等变化,引起农田土壤地力演变。据20世纪80年代初期第2次土壤普查和2008—2010年耕地地力调查数据前后比较,临安市农田土壤肥力已发生了很大变化,其变化结果表明,土壤pH呈下降趋势,耕层厚度变浅,有机质、全氮含量下降,碱解氮含量基本稳定,速效磷含量呈上升趋势,土壤钾含量缺乏。为提高作物产量和改善土壤地力,农田土壤应积极推广使用秸秆还田,推广测土配方施肥技术等技术措施,是提高作物产量和改善土壤地力长期有效的途径。
In the recent 30 years, Lin’an City, with the changes of planting structure, cultivation system, fertilization habits and crop yield, caused the evolution of soil fertility in farmland. According to the comparison of the second soil survey in the early 1980s and the survey data of cultivated land productivity from 2008 to 2010, the soil fertility of farmland in Lin’an City has undergone great changes. The results of the change show that the soil pH is in a downward trend and the thickness of the topsoil In the light, organic matter and total nitrogen content decreased, the content of available nitrogen was basically stable, the content of available phosphorus increased and the content of potassium in soil was deficient. In order to improve crop yield and improve soil fertility, farmland soil should actively promote the use of straw to soil fertility and promote the technical measures such as soil testing and formula fertilization. It is a long-term effective way to increase crop yield and improve soil fertility.