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一、前言云贵东部贵州高原亚热带岩溶化原野具有层状地貌的特点。岩溶地貌成因类型为溶蚀;溶蚀、侵蚀;溶蚀、构造三种。形成有峄顶齐高的峰丛、峰林与洼地、谷地;有中低山与沟谷、坡立谷、洼地;还有河流深切的峡谷、深谷与两岸阶地、台丘、平台,构成了多种组合类型。这些类型间隔而多级的分布在不同的高程上,总的趋势是由西往东形成阶梯状大斜坡,海拔高程由2900米,下降到400米,从而构成了岩溶地貌景观的“多层性”和“叠加性”。在这个多级型地块上,占全省面积(17.64万平方公里)73％的碳酸盐岩层,所形成的地下河和种类繁多的岩溶形态,主要受控于众所周知的岩性、构造、古水文网和现代水文网。
I. INTRODUCTION The Guizhou-Guizhou Guizhou Plateau subtropical karstification has the characteristics of layered landscape. Karst geomorphic genetic types are dissolution, erosion, erosion, erosion and structure. There are a series of peaks and valleys, peaks and valleys and valleys, middle and low mountains and valleys, slope valleys and depressions, deep canyons, deep valleys, and terrace terraces and platforms, and a variety of platforms Combination type. These types of intervals and multi-level distribution at different elevations, the general trend is from west to east to form a ladder-shaped ramp, elevation elevation from 2900 meters, down to 400 meters, which constitutes a karst landscape “multi-layered ”And“ additive ”. In this multi-level block, the carbonate strata that make up 73% of the province’s area (176,400 km2), the underground river formed and the variety of karst forms are dominated by the well-known lithology, tectonics, Hydrological network and modern hydrological network.