建国初期,国家通过对私营出版社的改造,实行公私合营或兼并。公私合营的同时,还以行政指派的方式,实现国家计划、政府领导,到最后渐次成为出版社国有化,新闻出版的民办私营的自流、自在现象宣告终止,各种书刊的出版、发行、印刷,成了“与国家建设事业、人民文化生活极关重要的政治工作”①。 In the early days after the founding of New China, the state implemented public-private partnerships or mergers through the transformation of private publishing houses. At the same time, with public administration and public-private partnerships, the state planning and government leadership will be implemented in the form of administrative assignments. At the same time, it will eventually become a self-sustaining and privately-run phenomenon of state-owned publishing and press-publishing, Became a “political work that is crucial to the cause of national construction and to the people’s cultural life” ①.