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土家人十分注重礼节和人情,亲友关系的多元性带来了人情往来的复杂性,礼物流动的情景多发生在婚丧嫁娶、寿诞、年节及某些突发事件中。以土家族年节中礼物的流动为例,从土家族亲戚关系网络的构成,土家族年节礼物的种类,拜年―回年的仪式过程。以及年节礼物的功能等几个方面分析土家族人情的往来和表达,得出礼物在年节情境中更加侧重表达性功能的结论,道德和情感的力量在其间起到了重要作用,同时不乏工具性功能的隐性体现。
Tujia attaches great importance to etiquette and human relations, the diversity of the relationship between relatives and friends brought the complexities of human contacts, the flow of gifts occurred in the wedding and funeral, birthday, New Year and some unexpected events. Taking the flow of gifts in Tujia New Year as an example, this paper analyzes the composition of Tujia relatives network, the types of gifts in Tujia New Year, and the ceremony of returning the year to returning to the year. As well as the function of the gift of the New Year, analyzes the communication and expression of the Tujia people’s human feelings and concludes that the gift focuses more on the expressive functions in the context of the New Year’s mood. The power of morality and emotion plays an important role in the meantime, Implicit expression of sexual function.