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本文对黄土高原的三种类型暴雨的降水、侵蚀特征进行了统计分析，结果表明：Ａ型暴雨的雨量多为１０－３０ｍｍ，历时一般为３０－１２０ｍｉｎ，最大６０ｍｉｎ降雨量占总雨量的８５％－１００％；Ｂ型暴雨的雨量一般为３０－１００ｍｍ，降雨历时多在３ｈ－１８ｈ之间，最大６０ｍｉｎ降雨量占总雨量的３０％－７０％；Ｃ型暴雨的雨量一般为６０－１３０ｍｍ，历时大于２４ｈ，最大６０ｍｉｎ降雨量占总雨量的８％－２５％。三种类型暴雨的空间分布不均匀程度是Ａ型大于Ｂ型，Ｂ型大于Ｃ型，且Ａ型比Ｂ型、Ｃ型大得多。Ａ型暴雨是引起土壤侵蚀的主要暴雨，其侵蚀性降雨发生的比例占侵蚀性降雨总次数的５２．７％，其侵蚀量占总侵蚀量的６４％。在坡面和沟道小流域，７０％的极强烈侵蚀是由Ａ型暴雨产生的。
In this paper, the statistical analysis of the rainfall and erosion characteristics of three types of heavy rain on the Loess Plateau shows that: the rainfall of type A heavy rain is mostly 10-30mm, the lasted time is generally 30-120min, the maximum 60min rainfall accounts for 85% of the total rainfall, -100%; Type B rainstorm rainfall is generally 30-100mm, rainfall duration between 3h-18h, the maximum 60min rainfall accounted for 30% -70% of the total rainfall; Type C rainstorm rainfall is generally 60-130mm, Duration lasted more than 24h, maximum 60min rainfall accounted for 8% -25% of the total rainfall. The spatial distribution of the three types of rainstorm is that A type is larger than B type, B type is larger than C type, and A type is much larger than B type and C type. Type A rainstorm is the main rainstorm that causes soil erosion. Its proportion of erosive rainfall accounts for 52.7% of the total number of erosive rainfall, and its erosion accounts for 64% of the total erosion. In slopes and trenches, 70% of the very intense erosion is caused by Type A torrential rains.