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一、长江的洪水问题宜昌以上的洪水是平原区洪水的主要来源:三峡枢纽控制着长江宜昌以上集流面积100万平方公里,因而宜昌以上的来水量占全江的汛期水量和主要汛期(七、八月)水量均在一半以上,而且在汛期各典型年分中所占比重较为稳定。兹以长江近代四个大水年为例,其主要汛期的洪水量,在汉口站的洪水组成中,宜昌站占54.2～73.2%,洞庭湖四水占15.4～30.5%(其中沅水占6.3～16.1%),汉江占4.3～11.1%;在大通站的洪水组成中,宜昌占49.1～65.8%,洞庭四水占14.1～28.2%,汉江占4.0～10.1%,鄱阳湖五水占5.6～11.1%。从水量组成的百分数来看,有力的说明了三峡以上的
First, flood problems in the Yangtze River floods above Yichang are the main source of floods in the plains: the Three Gorges Project controls more than 1 million km2 of Yichang above the Yichang catchment area, so the water volume above the Yichang accounts for the whole flood season and the main flood season August) more than half of the total amount of water, and the proportion of each typical year in the flood season is relatively stable. Taking the four great flood years in the Yangtze River as an example, the flood season in the main flood season is 54.2-73.2% of the flood in Hankou Station, and 15.4-30.5% of the four streams in Dongting Lake (accounting for 6.3 ~ 16.1% in Han River, accounting for 4.3 ~ 11.1% in Han River; Yichang accounted for 49.1 ~ 65.8% in flood of Datong Station, 14.1 ~ 28.2% in Dongting Sihe, 4.0 ~ 10.1% in Han River, 5.6 ~ 11.1%. From the percentage of water composition, a strong description of the Three Gorges