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脂肪坏死是腹部皮瓣乳房重建术后常见的并发症之一,由于其临床表现酷似乳腺癌复发,易造成患者的不安和医疗资源的浪费,并且影响重建乳房的手感和满意度,在临床工作中应引起医生的重视。本文主要介绍了脂肪坏死的临床表现与诊断、相关危险因素及防治方法。其中重点分析脂肪坏死的潜在危险因素,如年龄、吸烟史、基础疾病、肥胖、穿支情况、手术方式、放疗、Ⅲ区保留程度等,分别评价各种危险因素对于皮瓣脂肪坏死的影响,并强调了术前穿支评估和术式选择对于预防和减少脂肪坏死的重要性。
Fat necrosis is one of the common complication after abdominal flap breast reconstruction. Because of its clinical manifestations resembles the recurrence of breast cancer, it is easy to cause the patient’s uneasiness and waste of medical resources, and affect the feeling and satisfaction of reconstruction of the breast in clinical work Should be caused by the doctor’s attention. This article describes the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of fat necrosis, related risk factors and prevention and treatment methods. The main risk factors of fat necrosis such as age, smoking history, underlying diseases, obesity, perforation, operation mode, radiotherapy and retention degree of Ⅲ area were analyzed emphatically. The influence of various risk factors on fat necrosis of flap were evaluated, And emphasized the importance of preoperative perforation assessment and surgical options for the prevention and reduction of fat necrosis.