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目的分析糖尿病患者中结核病的患病情况及危险因素,为结核病的早期发现提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法对在山东省宁阳县和沂水县24个乡镇518个村筛查出的4 085例糖尿病患者进行结核病的诊断与问卷调查,并采用多因素logistic回归模型对危险因素进行分析。结果 4 085例糖尿病患者中发现结核病患者14例,其中13例为新发病例,1例为复治涂阳病例,糖尿病患者结核病患病率为342.72/10万;不同特征糖尿病患者结核病患病情况比较,不同性别、体质指数、焦虑症状糖尿病患者结核病患病情况差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,男性(OR=5.057,95%CI=1.562~16.377)、体质指数<18.5 kg/m2(OR=16.189,95%CI=2.588~101.260)、有焦虑症状(OR=5.214,95%CI=1.772~15.339)是糖尿病患者患结核病的危险因素;与糖尿病患者比较,糖尿病合并结核病患者在过去24 h更易出现咳嗽、发热、高热、乏力的症状(均P<0.05),在过去1个月更易出现咳嗽、咯痰、高热的症状(均P<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者结核病患病率较高,男性、体重较轻、有焦虑症状的糖尿病患者更易患结核病。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of tuberculosis in diabetic patients and provide reference for the early detection of tuberculosis. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to diagnose and investigate tuberculosis among 4 085 diabetic patients screened in 518 villages of 24 towns and villages in Ningyang County and Yishui County of Shandong Province. Multivariate logistic regression model Analysis of risk factors. Results A total of 14 TB patients were found in 4 085 diabetics, of which 13 were newly diagnosed, 1 was smear positive and the prevalence of TB was 342.72 / 100 000 in diabetic patients. The prevalence of tuberculosis in diabetic patients with different features (P <0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male (OR = 5.057, 95% CI = 1.562 ~ 16.377) had a significantly higher prevalence of tuberculosis than those with anxiety, , With body mass index <18.5 kg / m2 (OR = 16.189, 95% CI = 2.588 ~ 101.260), with anxiety symptoms (OR = 5.214, 95% CI = 1.772-15.339) were risk factors for tuberculosis in diabetic patients; In the past 24 hours, patients with diabetes mellitus combined with tuberculosis were more likely to have symptoms of cough, fever, fever and fatigue (all P <0.05), and had more symptoms of cough, expectoration and fever in the past month (all P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of tuberculosis in diabetic patients is higher than that in male patients with light weight and diabetic patients with anxiety symptoms.