目的　提高一侧肾脏囊肿和肿瘤共存的诊断水平。　方法　回顾性分析经外科手术及病理证实的 10例单侧肾癌和囊肿共存的患者影像学结果。　结果　分泌性尿路造影显示囊性占位。 B型超声波提示增厚及不规则的囊性肿物。 CT扫描示病灶不规则增厚 ,部分有壁结节、增厚分隔及钙化 ,实质部分有明显的早期强化。有的类似单纯囊肿 ,但至少一层能显示肿瘤密度影。　结论　囊壁分隔及不规则增厚、壁结节和实质早期强化是 CT诊断单侧肾癌和囊肿共存的重要依据 Objective To improve the diagnosis of kidney cyst and tumor coexistence. Methods The imaging findings of 10 patients with unilateral renal cell carcinoma and cyst coexisted by surgery and pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Secretion urography showed cystic mass. Type B ultrasound suggests thickening and irregular cystic masses. CT scan showed irregular thickening of the lesion, wall nodules in part, thickened separation and calcification, the substantial part of the obvious early strengthening. Some similar to simple cysts, but at least one layer can show tumor density shadow. Conclusions Wall separation and irregular thickening, wall nodules and substantial early enhancement are the important basis for CT diagnosis of unilateral kidney cancer and cyst coexistence