目的调查分析北京市密云区农村中小学生蔬果类食物摄入现状及其影响因素,提出针对性的改善建议。方法采取多阶段分层抽样、问卷调查和健康检查相结合的方法。结果共调查北京市密云区农村4所小学、4所中学1、3、5、7年级学生577名,回收有效问卷558份,有效应答率为96.71%;学生新鲜蔬果类食物的摄入量和频率均较低,年级和性别是主要影响因素(P<0.05);77.8%的学生认为水果可以代替蔬菜,42.2%的学生剩饭中有蔬菜,超过50%的学生所吃蔬菜中深色蔬菜占比不足50%。BMI主要受学段和性别的影响(P<0.05),维生素A主要受学段和学生类型的影响(P<0.05)。结论密云区农村中小学生蔬果类食物普遍摄入不足,应以学校为核心,家庭、社区相结合,加强营养知识的普及教育,以正确的食育观念对学生进行引导,增加蔬果类食物,尤其是深色蔬菜的摄入。 Objective To investigate and analyze the status quo of the intake of fruits and vegetables by rural primary and middle school students in Miyun District of Beijing and its influencing factors, and to put forward some suggestions for improvement. Methods The method of multi-stage stratified sampling, questionnaire and health check was used. Results A total of 577 primary, secondary, middle school students were enrolled in 4 primary schools in rural areas of Miyun District, Beijing. 558 valid questionnaires were collected and the effective response rate was 96.71%. Students’ intake of fresh fruits and vegetables and 77.8% of students think that fruits can replace vegetables, 42.2% of students have leftovers in vegetables, more than 50% of students eat vegetables in vegetables, dark vegetables (P <0.05), low frequency, grade and gender are the main influence factors Accounting for less than 50%. The BMI was mainly influenced by the semester and the gender (P <0.05). Vitamin A was mainly affected by the semester and the type of students (P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of vegetables and fruits in primary and secondary school students in Miyun is not enough. It should be based on the school, family and community, and popularize the education of nutritional knowledge. Guided by the correct concept of food education, students should be guided to increase the amount of fruits and vegetables, especially It is dark vegetable intake.