人类体细胞染色体对电离辐射非常敏感,染色体畸变是反映电离辐射损伤的良好指标。它不仅能察觉电离辐射损伤和评价其损伤程度,而且能用照射离体人血所建立的染色体畸变的剂量效应曲线估算事故条件下人员所受的剂量,国内外已有多例实际际应用的报道,都取得了相当满意的效果。本文报道了两例事先无明确受照史的病例,通过染色体畸变分析,确诊为急性放射损伤 Human somatic chromosomes are very sensitive to ionizing radiation and chromosomal aberrations are good indicators of ionizing radiation damage. It not only can detect the damage of ionizing radiation and evaluate the degree of damage, but also can estimate the dosage of the personnel under the accident condition by dose-response curve of chromosomal aberration established by irradiated human blood. There are many practical applications Reported, have achieved quite satisfactory results. This article reports two cases without prior clear history of exposure by chromosome aberration analysis was diagnosed as acute radiation injury