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Mallory和Weiss首先于1929年解剖因酗酒而发生上消化道大出血致死的尸体时,发现食管贲门部粘膜撕裂的病变,并进行了描述,所以称Mallory-Weiss综合征(MWS)。本病并非罕见,现今胃镜的广泛应用,发现率逐渐增多。国内资料本病占上消化道出血的1.3％～7.3％。我院20多年来发现32例,现报告如下。 1临床资料 1.1一般资料 本组32例均为住院患者。男30例,女2例;25岁以下1例,25～34岁6例,35～44岁14例,45～55岁7例,56～64岁4例。 1.2发病原因 ①饮酒、酗酒19例。②胃镜检查并发3例。③呼吸道感染剧咳2例。④急性肾盂积水尿毒症2例。⑤抬举重物劳动3例。⑥叩长头朝圣、骑马摔伤、妊娠反应各1例。 1.3临床表现 主要表现为反复发作的剧烈呕吐或干呕之后出现呕血,多为鲜红色血。出血量大而凶险。急诊手术结扎7例,其余25例采用注射酸泵抑制剂或H_2受体拮抗剂、止血剂、口服凝血酶,并进行适当补液、输血等内科保守治疗。全组病例均治愈出院。
Mallory and Weiss first described Mallory-Weiss Syndrome (MWS) when the mucosal tearing of esophageal and cardial mucosal lesions was discovered and dissected in 1929 when an autopsy-induced death from upper gastrointestinal bleeding was diagnosed. The disease is not uncommon, now widely used gastroscopy, the discovery rate gradually increased. Domestic information of the disease accounted for 1.3% of upper gastrointestinal bleeding ~ 7.3%. Our hospital found 32 cases over the past 20 years, are as follows. 1 Clinical data 1.1 General Information The group of 32 patients were hospitalized patients. 30 males and 2 females; 1 under 25 years old, 6 cases 25 to 34 years old, 14 cases 35 to 44 years old, 7 cases 45 to 55 years old and 4 cases 56 to 64 years old. 1.2 causes ① drinking, alcohol 19 cases. Gastroscopy complicated by 3 cases. ③ respiratory tract infection 2 cases of cough. ④ Acute hydronephrosis uremia in 2 cases. ⑤ lifting heavy work in 3 cases. ⑥ percussion long pilgrimage, horseback fall, pregnancy reaction in 1 case. 1.3 The main clinical manifestations of recurrent severe vomiting or retching after hematemesis, mostly bright red blood. Large amount of bleeding and dangerous. Emergency surgery ligation in 7 cases, the remaining 25 cases with injection of acid pump inhibitor or H 2 receptor antagonist, hemostatic agents, oral thrombin, and appropriate rehydration, blood transfusion and other medical conservative treatment. All patients were cured and discharged.