一、前言由于受1973年秋石油危机的冲击,以石油为主要能源的船舶在降低柴油机燃料费用以及全船的节能方面取得了显著成绩。但是随之也带来了一些问题,例如,如何提高低转速大螺旋桨船舶的操纵性能;随着主机的节能化,如何减轻船员的劳动强度以及在环境保护方面如何满足不断提高的要求等。因此,节能不仅限于节约石油,而包括多 I. INTRODUCTION Due to the impact of the oil crisis in the fall of 1973, ships with petroleum-based energy have made remarkable achievements in reducing the cost of diesel fuel and saving energy in the whole ship. However, some problems have been brought with it, for example, how to improve the maneuverability of low-speed large-propeller ships, how to reduce crew labor intensity and how to meet the ever-increasing demands on environmental protection with the energy saving of main engines. Therefore, energy saving is not limited to saving oil, but includes more