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呼吸吸入是再生水利用过程中病原微生物的主要暴露途径之一.本研究提出了呼吸途径病原微生物暴露剂量的计算方法.首先根据再生水中病原微生物的浓度、喷洒强度和再生水雾化效率因子(雾化效率因子取值一般在0.003～0.01之间),确定再生水喷洒过程中病原微生物的排放强度.然后参考大气污染物扩散模型计算微生物气溶胶的分布,并考虑病原微生物在环境中的衰减,得出空气中病原微生物浓度.病原微生物的衰减计算与其自身衰减因子和环境影响因子有关.根据微生物种类的不同,其在空气中的衰减因子在-0.23～0 s-1之间,而环境对微生物的影响因子在0.016～73之间.最后结合呼吸速率和暴露时间求得呼吸途径的暴露剂量.根据易感人群年龄、性别和活动强度的不同,日平均呼吸速率在4.5～17 m3.d-1之间,小时平均呼吸速率在0.3～3.2 m3.h-1之间.本研究提出的方法可直接用于计算再生水利用于农业灌溉、园林绿化以及水景喷泉过程中因再生水雾化导致的病原微生物暴露剂量.
Respiratory inhalation is one of the main pathways of exposure to pathogenic microorganisms in the process of reclaimed water utilization.In this study, the method of calculating exposure dose of pathogenic microorganisms was proposed.First, according to the concentration of the pathogenic microorganisms in the reclaimed water, spraying intensity and atomization efficiency factor The efficiency factor is generally between 0.003 and 0.01), and the discharge intensity of pathogenic microorganisms in the process of reclaimed water spraying is determined.And then, the distribution of microbial aerosol is calculated with reference to the model of air pollutant diffusion and considering the attenuation of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment, The concentration of pathogenic microorganisms in air.The attenuation calculation of pathogenic microorganisms is related to its own attenuation factor and environmental impact factors.According to the different types of microorganisms, the attenuation factor in air is between -0.23 and 0 s-1, The influencing factor is between 0.016 and 73. Finally, the respiratory exposure dose is calculated according to the respiration rate and the exposure time.According to the age, sex and activity intensity of the susceptible population, the average daily respiration rate is 4.5-17 m3.d-1 , The hourly average respiration rate is between 0.3 and 3.2 m3.h-1.The method proposed in this study can be straight Used for calculating the reproducing RESOURCES pathogenic microorganisms agricultural irrigation, and water fountain landscaping regeneration water atomizing process due to exposure caused dose.