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神经浸润是造成结直肠恶性肿瘤术后复发及远处转移的重要影响因素，对患者预后影响较大，但目前对与结直肠癌神经浸润的研究较少，发生机制尚未明确。本文结合国内外相关研究，对结直肠癌神经浸润的定义、发病机制、诊断方法及临床意义进行分析和总结，为结直肠癌神经浸润的诊断及治疗提供更完善的的理论依据。“,”Perineural invasion (PNI) is an important influencing factor for the postoperative recurrence and distant metastasis of colorectal malignant tumor. It has a significant impact on the prognosis of patients. However, there are few studies on PNI in colorectal cancer at present, and the mechanism of invasion is not yet clear. In this paper, the definition, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods and prognosis of colorectal cancer PNI were analyzed and summarized in combination with relevant studies at home and abroad, so as to provide a more comprehensive theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer PNI.