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目的:比较健康基地教育,视频自学教育,图文自学教育三种口腔健康教育模式对小学生口腔健康行为形成率和健康行为知晓率的影响。方法:在青岛市市南区随机选取教育水平相近的三所小学二年级学生,年龄7-8岁,共511人,随机分为4组进行3种不同方式的健康教育。一组参观教育基地,讲解口腔基本知识及保健知识,刷牙室示教并练习;二组播放教育视频,内容与一组相同;三组发放图文教育材料自学,内容与一组相同;另一组作为空白对照。分别在健康教育前和教育1个月后,通过调查问卷和全口牙菌斑染色评价3种方法教育前后口腔健康行为形成率和健康行为知晓率变化及学生对于3种口腔教育形式的接受程度。结果:观察对象在口腔健康知识知晓率,健康行为形成率,健康态度形成率方面与干预前相比大部分都有提高(P<0.05),而健康教育基地组与视频组菌斑指数较干预前有了改善(P<0.05),自学组与对照组无明显变化(P>0.05)。三组效果比较,健康基地教育组效果更加明显(P<0.05),有更多的学生愿意接受口腔健康教育基地这种方式的教育。结论:口腔健康教育基地教育模式较其他模式更具有优势。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of health education, video self-taught education and graphic self-taught education on oral health behavior formation rate and health awareness of pupils. Methods: Three second-year primary schooling students aged 7-8 years old, with a total of 511 students of similar educational level, were randomly selected in Shinan District of Qingdao City. They were randomly divided into 4 groups to conduct health education in 3 different ways. One group visited the education base to explain the basic knowledge of oral cavity and health care knowledge, brushing the dental room to teach and practice; the second group broadcasts the educational videos with the same content as one group; the three groups release the graphic and educational materials self-study with the same content as one group; Group as a blank control. Before health education and one month after education, questionnaire and all-mouth plaque stain were used to evaluate the changes of oral health behavior formation rate and health behavior before and after the three methods of education and students’ acceptance of the three oral education forms . Results: Most of the observers had higher oral health knowledge awareness, health behavior formation rate and health attitude formation rate than those before intervention (P <0.05), while those in health education base group and video group intervened more (P <0.05), there was no significant difference between self-study group and control group (P> 0.05). Compared with the three groups, the effect of the base health education group is more obvious (P <0.05), more students are willing to accept the oral health education base in this way of education. Conclusion: The education mode of oral health education base has more advantages than other modes.