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在色谱过程中 ,将流动相看成是由许多连续的塔板组成 ,每一塔板的高度与固定相塔板的高度相同。初始浓度的溶质被认为全部集中在流动相的第一塔板中 ;溶质在流动相和固定相之间动态分布。由于色谱动力学因素的影响 ,当流动相流过一个塔板距离时 ,溶质不能够迅速地从固定相释放到流动相中 ,因此溶质在流动相和固定相中的分布浓度受到两个因素即反映色谱系统热力学性质的分配系数P和反映色谱系统动力学性质的释放概率因子α的影响。这一过程被认为是非理想状态下的色谱过程。采用统计学的观点 ,综合分析了非理想状态下P和α对色谱分布的影响 ;利用计算机技术模拟了色谱分布曲线 ,最终建立了一种非理想状态下的塔板理论分布模型 ,推导出了非理想状态下色谱分布方程 ,提出了释放概率因子和分配系数对色谱结果共同作用的模式。结果表明色谱释放概率因子可以作为衡量色谱系统优劣的一个指数 ,根据色谱释放概率因子可以定量地推断色谱峰扩展的程度并且计算出色谱系统的分离度
During chromatography, the mobile phase is considered to consist of a number of consecutive trays, each with the same height as the stationary phase tray. The initial concentration of solutes is considered to be all concentrated in the first tray of the mobile phase; the solute is dynamically distributed between the mobile phase and the stationary phase. Due to the influence of chromatographic kinetics, the solute can not be rapidly released from the stationary phase into the mobile phase when the mobile phase is flowing over a tray. Therefore, the concentration of solute in the mobile phase and the stationary phase is affected by two factors The partition coefficient P, which reflects the thermodynamic properties of the chromatographic system, and the release probability factor α, which reflects the kinetic properties of the chromatographic system. This process is considered as a non-ideal chromatographic process. Based on the statistical analysis, the influence of P and α on the chromatographic distribution under non-ideal conditions was comprehensively analyzed. The chromatographic distribution curve was simulated by computer technology, and finally a non-ideal plate theoretical distribution model was established. Non-ideal state of the chromatographic distribution equation, the release of the probability factor and the distribution coefficient of the chromatographic results of the interaction model. The results show that the probability of chromatographic release can be used as an index to measure the quality of the chromatographic system. Based on the probability of chromatographic release, the degree of chromatographic peak expansion can be inferred quantitatively and the resolution of the chromatographic system