中国古代官场包含两个要点:一是官不得不拥有权力,但这种权力只能是上承天子,下施于民,要求“臣下奉宪,不失绳墨”。二是官不能拥有过多和专断的权力,因此, 在设官上是以互相牵制为主要目的,尽量构成“宰牧相累,监察相司,人怀异心,上下殊务”的政治局面。这两个要点在州县官这个位置表现尤为突出。 Ancient Chinese officialdom contains two main points: First, officials have to have the power, but this power can only be ascended the throne, imposing on the people, requiring “the minister under the Constitution, without losing ”. Second, the government can not have excessive and arbitrary powers. Therefore, assuming that the government is mainly based on mutual restraint, it should try its best to constitute a "political system of slaughtering and pastoralism, situation. These two points in the state magistrate this performance is particularly prominent.