论文部分内容阅读
本研究的主要目的是明确大豆杂种优势的大小 ,探讨大豆杂种优势的遗传规律 ,筛选出一批高优势组合。试验共选用国内与国外引入的优良大豆品种(品系 ) 71 5份做亲本 ,其中国内品种 (品系 ) 62 4个 ,国外引入品种 (品系 ) 91个 ,从 1 996至 2 0 0 0年分别在七个地点配制杂交组合 1 3 2 6个 ,并进行F1代子粒产量测定。试验采用间比法按熟期组及组合顺序排列 ,二次重复 ,以当地相近熟期组的主推品种为对照品种。从中筛选出 1 76个优势较高的组合 ,进行第二次产量测定 ,方法与第一次测产相同 ,试验在二个地点同时进行。研究结果表明 ,高亲优势率平均为 6.8% ,对照优势率平均为 1 1 .9% ,高亲优势率超过 3 0 %以上的组合占 1 9.8% ,对照优势率超过 3 0 %以上的组合占2 5 .3 % ,高亲与对照优势率同时超过 2 0 %以上的组合占 1 8.3 %。对不同类型组合杂种优势的分析显示 ,”本地品种×本地品种“组合的杂种优势低于”本地 (引入 )品种×引入品种”的组合 ,而“本地(引入 )品种×引入品种”组合的杂种优势又低于“中国品种×国外品种”的组合 ,这种趋势是较为明显的。二次测产组合结果显示 ,高亲优势率平均为 2 2 .5 % ,对照优势率平均为 2 1 .1 % ,高亲与对照优势率同时超过 2 0 %以上的组合占 2 2 .1 %。这说明
The main purpose of this study is to determine the size of soybean heterosis, to explore the genetic rules of soybean heterosis, screening a number of high-strength combinations. A total of 71 5 elite soybean varieties (lines) introduced from China and abroad were chosen as parents, including 62 4 domestic varieties (strains) and 91 imported varieties (strains) from 1996 to 2000 A total of 1326 hybrid combinations were prepared in seven locations and the F1 generation of seed yield was determined. The test using the ratio method according to the maturity group and the order of combination, the second repeat, with the local maturity of the main push varieties as control varieties. A total of 1 76 higher-performing combinations were screened for a second yield measurement in the same way as the first test, with the test being conducted simultaneously in two locations. The results showed that the average rate of high propensity was 6.8%, the average rate of control was 11.9%, the high propensity rate of more than 30% of the combination accounted for 9.8%, the control rate of more than 30% combination of more than Accounting for 25.3%. The combination of high pro-relative and control odds of more than 20% at the same time accounted for 18.3%. Analysis of the heterosis for different types of combinations showed that the heterosis for “local variety × local variety” combinations was lower than the combination for “local (introduced) varieties × introduced varieties” and “local (introduced) varieties × introduced varieties” The advantage is lower than the combination of “Chinese varieties × foreign varieties”. This trend is more obvious. The results of the combination of secondary test showed that the average rate of high propensity was 22.5%, the average rate of control was 21.1%, while that of high pro-versus control was more than 20% at the same time %. this means