一、中美贸易顺差背景中美两国既互为重要的贸易伙伴,也形成了巨额贸易逆差,成为全球经济失衡的主要原因。近年来,美对华贸易逆差额和中国对外贸易总额占国内生产总值的比重一直处于上升趋势。对此,美国及其他西方国家对人民币一直施加升值的压力。自2005年7月21日起,我国开始实行 I. Sino-U.S. Trade Surplus Background Since China and the United States are both important trading partners and have formed huge trade deficits, they have become the major cause of the global economic imbalance. In recent years, the trade deficit with the United States and the proportion of China’s total foreign trade to the gross domestic product have been on an upward trend. In response, the United States and other western countries have been exerting pressure on RMB appreciation. Since July 21, 2005, our country has started to implement