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排水是岩土体及工程构筑物渗流控制的主要措施之一,其实质是通过在渗流域内形成潜在溢出边界或低水位边界而实现渗流控制的。在排水渗控条件下,渗流场往往具有强烈的边界非线性特征,Signorini型变分不等式方法从理论上为稳定和非稳定排水渗流问题提供了有效的分析方法,但其实际效果还需要得到试验的验证。通过开展含5个排水廊道的排水砂槽模型试验,研究了复杂排水条件下砂土渗流的基本规律,并通过试验数据与数值计算成果的对比分析,论证了Signorini型变分不等式方法的有效性和正确性。试验结果表明,在稳定渗流条件下,排水砂槽上游侧3个排水廊道对渗流控制起主导作用,而下游侧2个廊道则失去排水功能,数值计算与试验成果吻合较好;在非稳定渗流条件下,受测压管精度、砂样均匀性和毛细效应的影响,数值计算与试验成果存在一定偏差,但也较好地揭示了复杂排水条件下砂槽中的非稳定渗流特征。排水砂槽试验结果验证了Signorini型变分不等式方法的有效性和正确性,为复杂排水条件下岩土体及工程构筑物的渗控结构优化设计提供了有效的分析手段。
Drainage is one of the main measures of seepage control of rock and soil and engineering structures. Its essence is to realize seepage control by forming potential overflow boundary or low water level boundary in seepage area. Under the conditions of seepage control, the seepage field tends to have strong boundary nonlinearity. The Signorini Variational Inequality Method provides an effective analytical method for the steady and unsteady drainage seepage problems theoretically, but the actual effect needs to be tested Verification. By carrying out the drainage sand tank model test with five drainage corridors, the basic law of sand seepage under complicated drainage conditions is studied. The comparison between experimental data and numerical calculation results shows that the Signorini variational inequality method is effective Sexuality and correctness. The experimental results show that under the condition of steady seepage, the three drainage channels on the upstream side of the drainage sand tank play a leading role in the seepage control, while the two downstream channels lose the drainage function. The numerical calculation agrees well with the experimental results. Under the condition of steady seepage flow, the accuracy of the measured pressure pipe, the homogeneity of the sand sample and the capillary effect influence the numerical calculation and the test results. However, the unsteady seepage characteristics in the sand tank under complex drainage conditions are well revealed. The test results of the drainage sand tank verified the validity and correctness of the Signorini variational inequality method and provided an effective analysis method for the optimization design of seepage control structures of rock and soil mass and engineering structures under complex drainage conditions.