一、引言河段流量演算模型有水力学模型和水文学模型两大类。就水文学模型而论,在制作河段流量演算模型及其参数率定时,必须具备河段上下两个断面的实测流量资料。显然,在目前用流量演算法作河段水文预报时,只能根据入流站1的流量预报出流站O的流量,而无法预报河段内任意横断面d处的流量见图1;在水利水 I. INTRODUCTION The river flow calculation model has two major categories: hydraulic model and hydrological model. As far as the hydrological model is concerned, it is necessary to have the measured flow data of the two sections above and below the river section when making the flow calculation model and the parameter rate of the river section. Obviously, at present, when the flow algorithm is used for hydrological forecasting of the river reach, the flow rate of the station O can only be predicted based on the flow rate of the inbound station 1, and the flow rate at any cross section d in the river reach can not be predicted as shown in Figure 1; water