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目的识别拟建铝镁铸生产装置中职业病危害因素,并进行分析评价,以确定职业病危害防护重点和措施。方法采用类比法、经验法进行分析和评价。结果该铝镁铸件项目的选址与总体布局、生产工艺与设备布局、职业病危害防护设施、个人使用的防护用品、卫生辅助用室、职业卫生管理等符合《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》等法律法规规定;该企业存在粉尘(铝尘、矽尘、其他粉尘),化学毒物(一氧化碳、二氧化硫、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、氧化镁烟),物理因素(噪声、高温、手传振动)等职业病危害因素。类比企业检测结果显示,工作场所空气中铝金属尘浓度为0.18~2.94 mg/m3,噪声强度为80.8~93.0 dB(A),高温强度(WBGT指数)31.4~32.9℃。通过类比企业检测与调查内容确定关键控制点为扒渣和炉体拆卸过程产生的粉尘以及高压铸造和机加工产生的噪声。结论该项目为职业病危害较重的项目,在正常生产情况下,发生职业病危害事故风险可以较好控制。
Objective To identify the occupational hazards in the proposed aluminum-magnesium casting production plant and conduct analysis and evaluation to determine the key points and measures for occupational hazards prevention. Methods using analogy, empirical analysis and evaluation. Results The site selection and overall layout, production process and equipment layout, occupational hazards protection facilities, personal protective equipment, health aids rooms and occupational health management of the aluminum-magnesium castings project are in line with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Laws and regulations; the existence of dust (aluminum dust, silica dust, other dust), chemical poisons (carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, magnesium oxide), physical factors (noise, high temperature, hand vibration) Occupational hazards. The results of the analogy test showed that the concentration of aluminum dust in the workplace was 0.18-2.94 mg / m3, the noise intensity was 80.8-93.0 dB (A) and the high temperature strength (WBGT index) was 31.4-32.9 ℃. Through the testing and investigation of analogous enterprises, the key control points are the dust generated during the slag-stripping and furnace disassembly and the noise generated by high-pressure casting and machining. Conclusion This project is a project with serious occupational hazards. Under normal production conditions, the risk of occupational disease accidents can be controlled well.