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目的探究乙型肝炎母婴阻断的措施以及护理干预效果。方法回顾性分析2015年1月-2017年6月在深圳市第三人民医院产检的54例乙型肝炎孕妇的临床资料,孕妇均接受孕中、产时、产后的母婴阻断措施和护理干预,孕中于孕28周时根据孕妇的乙肝病毒的脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)水平给予抗病毒药物治疗、心理护理、孕期保健;产时避免新生儿接触母体血液、羊水、阴道分泌物等;产后给予产妇指导等;新生儿在出生后给予乙肝免疫球蛋白注射和乙肝疫苗接种;统计新生儿出生24 h和1、7、12个月的HBV-DNA阳性率等。结果 54例孕妇分娩前的HBV-DNA水平显著低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);新生儿出生24 h和1、7、12个月的HBV-DNA阳性率逐渐降低,在出生7个月时,已无新生儿的HBV-DNA为阳性。结论对乙型肝炎孕妇孕28周开始给予抗病毒药物治疗,给予产前、产时、产后的护理干预、新生儿母婴阻断等能有效降低孕妇的HBV-DNA水平,提高新生儿的乙肝病毒(HBV)阻断成功率,值得推广。
Objective To explore the measures of maternal and neonatal blockade of hepatitis B and the effect of nursing intervention. Methods The clinical data of 54 hepatitis B pregnant women who were diagnosed in the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen from January 2015 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. All the pregnant women received maternal and neonatal obstruction and nursing during pregnancy, Intervention, pregnancy at 28 weeks of pregnancy according to the level of HBV DNA in pregnant women given anti-viral drug therapy, psychological care, pregnancy care; during birth to avoid neonatal exposure to maternal blood, amniotic fluid, vaginal discharge Etc .; postpartum giving maternal guidance; newborns were given hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection and hepatitis B vaccination after birth; statistics of neonatal 24 h and 1, 7, 12 months of HBV-DNA positive rate. Results The HBV-DNA levels of 54 pregnant women before delivery were significantly lower than those before the intervention (P <0.01). The positive rates of HBV-DNA at 24 h, 1, 7 and 12 months after birth were gradually decreased, At 7 months of age, no newborns had HBV DNA positive. Conclusion Hepatitis B pregnant women began giving antiretroviral therapy after 28 weeks’ gestation, giving prenatal, postnatal and postnatal nursing interventions, neonatal maternal and neonatal block can effectively reduce HBV-DNA levels in pregnant women and improve neonatal hepatitis B Virus (HBV) blocking success rate, it is worth promoting.