本文建立了一个消费条件模型来考察影响我国人均消费水平变化的各种因素 ,包括交通运输和通讯等基础设施条件、城市化水平、消费者信用手段的发展、社会保障体系的发展 ,以及收入分配差距等等。模型发现城市化水平是在收入水平以外对人均消费影响最大的变量。交通运输和通讯设施条件也对消费有重要影响。银行卡普及率和养老保险的普及有正的影响 ,而以吉尼系数表示的收入差距可能具有负影响。基于模型取得的对消费影响的经验参数 ,作者建立了一个中国各地区消费条件指数 ,对各省市自治区的消费条件状况进行刻画。这对于进一步研究消费变动的未来趋势将有重要意义 This paper establishes a model of consumption conditions to examine various factors that affect the level of per capita consumption in our country, including infrastructure conditions such as transportation and communications, urbanization, the development of consumer credit instruments, the development of the social security system, and income distribution And so on. The model finds that urbanization is the most influential variable on per capita consumption beyond income levels. The conditions of transportation and communication facilities also have a significant impact on consumption. The prevalence of bank card penetration and the popularization of pension insurance have a positive impact, while the income gap, expressed as the Gini coefficient, may have a negative impact. Based on the model’s empirical parameters on the impact on consumption, the author establishes a index of consumption conditions in various regions of China and depicts the conditions of consumption in various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. This will be of great significance for further studying the future trend of consumption changes