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目的了解济南市围产儿出生缺陷的构成情况,出生缺陷围产儿及其母亲的基本情况,为当地卫生部门制定相应的出生缺陷干预措施提供依据。方法随机抽取2013年1~12月在济南市11区县52所助产机构确诊的117名出生缺陷围产儿,利用绝对数、构成比等指标描述出生缺陷的构成。结果 117例出生缺陷围产儿母亲的平均年龄为(29±2.12)岁,从户籍方面看,出生缺陷围产儿以城镇户口居多,占79.49%(93/117);对不同户籍的出生缺陷儿母亲的学历进行比较发现城镇户籍以高中居多为62.37%(58/93),农村户籍以初中居多为50.00%(12/24),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);孕次方面,城镇户籍孕次以1次最多为41.94%(39/93),农村户籍中孕次以2次最多为54.17%(13/24),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出生缺陷围产儿的平均胎龄为(33±1.27)周,平均出生体重为(2 284±139.34)g。出生缺陷的类型中以先天性心脏病最多为26.50%(31/117)。结论先天性心脏病在出生缺陷中所占比例最高,应该加强对其产前筛查的力度。
Objective To understand the composition of birth defects in perinatal infants in Jinan and the basic situation of perinatal infants and their mothers with birth defects and provide the basis for local health departments to make corresponding intervention measures of birth defects. Methods One hundred and seventy birth-defect perinatal infants confirmed by 52 midwifery institutions in 11 districts and counties of Jinan City from January to December 2013 were randomly selected. The absolute birth number and composition ratio were used to describe the birth defects. Results The average age of 117 mothers with perinatal births was (29 ± 2.12) years old. From the aspect of household registration, the majority of birth defects perinatal births were found in urban households, accounting for 79.49% (93/117). The average age of mothers with birth defects (62.37% (58/93)) in urban areas, and 50.00% (12/24) in rural areas. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01) Pregnancy times to a maximum of 41.94% (39/93), two times in rural household registration times up to 54.17% (13/24), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The average gestational age at birth was (33 ± 1.27) weeks and the average birth weight was (2 284 ± 139.34) g. Types of birth defects with congenital heart disease up to 26.50% (31/117). Conclusions Congenital heart disease has the highest proportion of birth defects and should be strengthened in prenatal screening.