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目的探讨儿童血压升高的影响因素,为制定儿童高血压预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法按照经济水平,分层随机选取江苏省4个县区8所学校3 693名小学生进行家长问卷调查和体格检查,应用单因素分析和多因素Lo-gistic回归分析儿童血压升高的影响因素。结果 3 693名儿童血压升高检出率为20.8%,男、女童检出率分别为19.5%,22.4%,城市、乡村儿童血压升高检出率分别为18.5%,24.7%。单因素分析显示,居住地类型(城市或乡村)、经济水平、超重、中心型肥胖、早餐、蔬菜、睡前加餐、早餐内容(包括奶制品、蛋、豆浆、咸菜)以及吃饭速度和儿童身高与儿童血压升高均有统计学关联(P值均<0.05);多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,经济水平、居住地类型、超重是儿童高血压升高的危险因素。结论超重肥胖和经济水平对儿童血压升高有影响,控制肥胖是减少儿童高血压的重要措施。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of hypertension in children and provide reference for the development of prevention and control measures of hypertension in children. Methods According to the economic level, 3 693 pupils from 8 schools in 4 districts and counties of Jiangsu Province were randomly selected to carry out questionnaire survey and physical examination. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension in children. Results The detection rate of blood pressure in 3 693 children was 20.8%. The detection rates of male and female were 19.5% and 22.4% respectively. The prevalence of blood pressure in urban and rural children was 18.5% and 24.7% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the rates of change of residence type (urban or rural), economic level, overweight, central obesity, breakfast, vegetables, bedtime meals, breakfast contents including dairy products, eggs, soy milk and pickles, Height and child blood pressure were statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that economic level, type of residence and overweight were risk factors for hypertension in children. Conclusion Overweight and obesity and economic level have an impact on the increase of blood pressure in children. Controlling obesity is an important measure to reduce the children’s hypertension.