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目的了解北海市风疹的流行病学特征,为控制风疹提供科学依据。方法利用北海市1995年11月中旬至1996年底及2007年4月至2008年3月两次风疹流行现场和实验室监测资料,对该市风疹的流行病学特征以及对消除麻疹工作的影响情况作描述性分析。结果该市两次风疹流行报告风疹病例共706例,首次流行发病率11.18/10万,临床误诊为麻疹46.2%;第二次流行发病率36.8/10万,临床误诊为麻疹3.9%;5~19岁人群发病占83.7%,暴发病例占24.5%。结论提高病例诊断的及时性和准确性以及血清学或病毒学检测,是减少误诊、漏诊以确保实施正确的防治措施的关健;必须加强风疹的监测和对中、小学学生的免疫接种工作,以减少发病和对消除麻疹工作的干扰。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Beihai and provide a scientific basis for the control of rubella. Methods The epidemiological characteristics of rubella in the city and its impact on the elimination of measles were analyzed based on the epidemiological data of two epidemics of rubella in Beihai City from mid-November 1995 to the end of 1996 and from April 2007 to March 2008 Descriptive analysis. Results A total of 706 rubella cases were reported in the city. The first epidemic incidence was 11.18 / 100 000, the clinical misdiagnosis was measles 46.2%. The second epidemic incidence was 36.8 / 100 000, clinically misdiagnosed as measles 3.9% The incidence of 19-year-olds accounted for 83.7%, outbreaks accounted for 24.5%. Conclusions Increasing the timeliness and accuracy of case diagnosis and serological or virological testing are the key points to reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis to ensure the correct prevention and treatment. We must also strengthen the monitoring of rubella and the immunization of primary and secondary school students, To reduce morbidity and disruption of measles efforts.