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RNA结合蛋白(RNA binding proteins，RBPs)家族成员在转录后水平调控着基因表达，其发挥作用的一个重要机制是调控mRNA的稳定性。作为一种重要的RNA结合蛋白，富含AU元件的RNA结合因子(AU-rich element-RNA binding factor, AUF1)不仅是免疫和炎症反应的中心调控因子，同时也参与调控肿瘤发生发展相关的多种mRNA的稳定性。由于其作用具有组织特异性，AUF1还在病毒复制中发挥重要作用。通过与mRNA的AU元件富集区(AREs)结合，AUF1能够调控mRNA半衰期。在大多数情况下，AUF1促进mRNA降解，某些时候则起到稳定mRNA的作用，从而实现对基因表达的调控。文章着重论述了AUF1在mRNA调控中的多效性作用。“,”Members of RNA binding protein (RBPs) family regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, where the regulation of mRNA stability is an important mechanism. As an important RBP, AU-rich RNA binding factor (AUF1) is not only the central regulator of immune and inflammatory responses, but also involved in the regulation of various mRNA stability of tumor genesis. AUF1 also plays an important role in virus replication due to its tissue-specific characteristics. By binding to the AU rich elements (AREs) of mRNA, AUF1 regulates the half-life of mRNA. AUF1 promotes mRNA degradation in most cases but stabilizes mRNA in some cases, and thus regulates gene expression. This review focuses on the multiple effects of AUF1 in mRNA regulation.