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尽管新疆水资源是有限的,每年仍有大量的水用于作物的生产。为了节约用水,我们于1995年在中国科学院阜康荒漠生态系统观测试验站进行了研究试验,并得到如下结果:(1)漫灌造成的土壤板结,妨碍油白菜种子的萌发,节水减少了板结造成的伤害。(2)漫灌造成的伤害影响了油白菜种子的萌发及苗的生长,同样由于土壤水的缺少,平床播种不灌水也是失败的。而沟底播种和经过脚踏镇压播种,结果是成功的。在这两种处理中,种子周围的土壤含有较多的水分,另外,沟底土壤较床面土壤易散高温。(3)5天叶的喷雾有助于具有可湿性叶红薯移栽苗的生长,但不促进甘兰移栽苗的生长,其叶具有较强的抗水性;对蕃茄叶连续喷雾4天,降低了叶片的水压,喷雾结束后的一天依然如此,特别是在晚上。(4)大量速效肥的应用有碍于油白菜种子的萌发及苗的生长,但长效肥效果相反。(5)以不同材料(cheesecloth,Polyvinylalcohol)条状覆盖,有助于油白菜苗的生长。试验结果表明,在新疆绿洲农业中,较大地提高水的有效使用率是完全可能的。
Despite the limited water resources in Xinjiang, a large amount of water is still used for crop production every year. In order to save water, we conducted a research experiment at the Fukang Desert Ecosystem Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 1995, and got the following results: (1) Soil compaction caused by flood irrigation hindered the germination of oilseed rape seeds and reduced the compaction Damage caused. (2) Injury caused by flood irrigation affected seed germination and seedling growth of oilseed rape, but also failed to irrigate by flat bed sowing due to lack of soil water. The ditch sowing and after the suppression of planting seeds, the result is successful. In both treatments, the soil around the seed contains more water, and besides, the soil at the bottom of the furrow is more prone to heat than the bedded soil. (3) The spray of 5-day leaves was helpful to the growth of transplanted sweet potato with wettable leaves, but did not promote the growth of transplanted sweety-cabbage. The leaves had stronger water resistance. Spraying the tomato leaves for 4 days, Reduced water pressure on the blades, one day after the spray is over, especially at night. (4) The application of a large number of quick-acting fertilizer hindered the germination of seed and seedling growth, but the effect of long-acting fertilizer was opposite. (5) strips covered with different materials (cheesecloth, Polyvinylalcohol) contribute to the growth of cabbage seedlings. The test results show that in Xinjiang oasis agriculture, it is quite possible to greatly increase the effective water use rate.